Chapter+Two+Terms

Hydrosphere -The watery areas of the earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water. Lithosphere - Surface land areas of the earth’s crust, including continents and ocean basins. Biosphere - The part of the Earth where life exists. Continental Shelf - The part of a continent that extends underwater. Mariana Trench - A narrow, underwater canyon about 35,827 feet deep. Core - The innermost layer of the Earth. Made up of a super-hot but solid inner core and a liquid outer core. Mantle - Thick middle layer of the Earth's interior structure, consisting of dense, hot rock. crust - The rocky shell forming the Earth's surface. Continental Drift - The theory that the continents were once joined and then slowly drifted appart. Plate Tectonics - The term scientists use to describe the activities of continental drift and magma flow, which create many of Earth's physical features. Himalaya - Mountain ranges is South Asia. Subduction -A process by which mountains can form as sea plates dive beneath continental plates. Magma- ﻿ Molten rock that is pushed up from the Earth's mantle.
 * I went swimming in the hydrosphere.
 * The lithosphere is on top of the mantle.
 * We live on the biosphere.
 * The continental shelf is underneath the water of the ocean, before the "drop off."
 * The Mariana Trech is located in the Pacific Ocean.
 * The core of the earth is made of iron and nickel.
 * The crust of the earth is the outermost layer.
 * We went to see the Himalayas on our vacation to Nepal.

__﻿__ __**Accretion**:__ Pieces of the Earth's crust come together slowly as the sea plate slides under the continental plate.
 * The neighborhood on the coast were all affected by magma from the explosion.
 * __Example:__ ** At a slow pase the crust of the Earth pulled together. Europe's Baltic sea plat moved under the Europes continental plate.

__** Spreading: **__ One plate moves under the other and usually forms an island chain. __** Example: **__ Sea plate spreadings are stuided and photographyed by photagraphyers.

__** Folds: **__ Bends in the layers of rocks caused by plates grinding of slide past each other. __** Example: **__ Eurasia's rock layers were cracked by Arabia's plate coming in.

__** Faults: **__ Cracks in the Earth's crust __** Example: **__ One famous and pretty well knowen fault is the San Andreas fault in California.

**Ring of Fire** - A zone of earthquake and volcanic activity around the perimeter of the Pacific Ocean. Kobe, Japan and Los Angeles and San Francisco California are located on the Ring of Fire

**Weathering**- Wind and water forces that break down rocks. After the water seeped into the rock and froze, the rock broke. Weathering must have caused that to happen.

**Erosion**- External forces wear away the Earth's surface. The wind was blowing so hard that the soil erosion was beginning to occur.

**Glaciers**- Large bodies of ice that move across the Earth's surface. Glaciers are mainly found in the polar regions.